The Alamogordo Museum of History preserves and explores the rich history of Alamogordo, Otero County, and the entire Tularosa Basin. Operated by the Tularosa Basin Historical Society, an all volunteer organization, the museum contains exhibits on the native population from pre-history to present, the impact of the military presence in the Tularosa Basin since 1942, the establishment and growth of Alamogordo, the daily life of the residents, the industries of the region (railroad, lumbering, ranching, farming, mining). The museum also has a small reference library in which staff and patrons conduct research. There is also a photograph collection of over 3,000 images that is available for reproduction. The Tularosa Basin Historical Society also produces a monograph twice a year as an outlet to disseminate the history of the region researched by local authors.

Tularosa Basin Historical Society was founded in 1964 by leaders of Alamogordo and the surrounding area in an effort to preserve the history of this unique region. The museum opened its doors in 1971. Volunteer continue to operate the museum and actively collect objects, archival material, photographs, and oral histories. The volunteers also underwent training to put the museum on a more professional standing and develop exhibits for the museum patrons. TBHS provides quarterly meetings for its members and the public at which a program on an aspect of local, New Mexico, or Southwest history is presented. In July 2007 the board of directors voted to rename the museum to reflect the growth and expansion of the facility as TBHS prepares to move into a larger facility in 2008.